74 
C4 C4 
opy 1 



PROCEEDINGS 



DEDICATION 



Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument 



CITY COUNCIL OF CHARLESTOWN, 



June "17, 1872. 



CHARLESTOWN: 

PRINTED AT THE CHRONICLR OFFICE, 30 MAIN STREKT. 

1872. 



iitj) of ij^arkslotoin. 




DEDICATION OF THE 




IN WINTHROP SQUARE, 



mmmmm^^ 



© itm^ ISfl^ 



PPMMITT^^ Of /H^f^/Np^^M^NJ^: 

GEORGE B. NEAL. JOSEPH SOUTHER; J. w. HILL, 
JOSEPH DICKSON, F. E. DOWNER. 



iu 







31 USIC B Y 7i ' " « yj) S ' ii J ND. 



FBAYEB BY BEV. OX riBKEB. 



Composed for the occasion by A. K. Cutter, Ksq., and sang by a select Clioir of thepui'il> of 
the lUiblic ScIiodIs, under the diret-tion of Mr. J. M. Jliison. 

l> iiatidii i;rc:itl thy i)eril caiiu' 

Js'ut I'rimi ail (ntt\var<l toe: 
iUit by an iinvanl ranhlinp- witniir, 

'l'li:it ilareil thy n\<-rtlii' 

Hark: shot t1i.-s Iiissinii at the lla-. 

Aiiiiftl liy voil trcasiiii's Uaiid: 
Comes l)ra\i' )vs|Miiisf from Siunpter"* guii:?. 

Ami ■war is in tlic land. 

Tniik'il ill the ilnst tliat Hag oiict' loveJ, 

Willi traitcr'ti .uilie uikI tling: 
Meamvliili- o'er loyal liome* it floats. 

( Uit-hlossoniinj; till' Sjiviii.L;. 

Tlicn come tin; tnuiii) <if anncil jueu — 

Till* lauurh of gallant rieets — 
Tlie \aiyin.u l»attlt-slim-ks of war — 

Ailvant'i's ami ri'tn-ats. 

God's uiiiilini; Iiand at liMjgtli i.s seen 

Tliioimli tlic^ (lt'c[i tliiokoniug jjIooiu: 
While l>i(!ken ehaiiis. and shai^klfS loosed, 

I'roi-laim re.liellion's doom. 

'L'he iiiDridw iMiiii-s that hrinus sweet ]jeace' 

'J'lie dai; <-olinfs iiu star lost-- 
Biit. <>l the tears, liie i>aiiv;s. the deaths. 

Of Slave it's hol.xanst : 

(.» natimi givatl madivureater yet, 

1>\ \\iestlini; with ihy wroni;: 
■|'hy di'Stiny i.-{ l-Veedom's ho|ie: — 

Thy heroes" deeds lier .-^oni;. 



B EM ARKS BY ^' "' '^^XOB MAYOR KENT, OX 

BELJvr.iijy '>\j-mt:xt to the 



Ml', SIC BY THE BANB. 



JSjietHl our ropublic, O Futlier on liigli. 
Lead us in patliway.s of justice aud light; 
Kulcrs as well a.s the ruled, "One and all," 
Girdle with virtue the armor of niii;ht; 
Hail! three tiniej! hail tt) our country and dagl 

Poreuiost in battle fur Frei'doin to >:tand, 
We rush to arms when aroused by its call ; 
5>tilJ as of yore, when George Washiugtou led, 
Thunders our war-cry — AVe ennyuer or fall; 
Hail! threi^ times liail to our eounti'v and tlag! 

Faithful aud liouesl to friend aud to foe, 

Williiit; to die in humanity's cause — 

Thus we defy all tyrannical pow'r, 

\\'hile we contend for our Union and laws: 

Haill tlij-ei' times hail to our country and tiag! 

Kise up, proud ea,i;le, rise u]) to the clouds. 
Spread thy brnatl wings o'er this fair western worldj 
Fling from thy beak our dear banner of old — 
Show that it still is for freedoui unfurled; 
Haill three riines hail t" our conntrv and tia":I 



XATIOAAL AIRS BY TB 



tnVKKTISHK PKKSS 



PROCEEDINGS 



DEDICATION 



Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument 



CITY COUNCIL OF CHARLESTOWN, 



June 17, 1872. 



CHARLESTOWN: 

PRINTED AT THE CHKONICLE OFFICE, 30 MAIN STREET. 

1872, 






eiioi 



1 s 



[From the Report of the CharJestown Chronicle of Jinie 22, 1872.] 

The Seveiiteeiitli of June is a day ever glorious in 
the memories of the citizens of this city; and the 
ninety-seventh anniversary of the event, which oc- 
curred last Monday, was celebrated with all the old- 
time enthusiasm, while the additional feature of the 
day — the dedicating of a monument to the memory of 
the honored dead of the- rebellion — lent additional 
interest to the occasion. The day opened clear and 
bright, and, as has been the custom from time imme- 
morial, was welcomed by the clanging of bells and 
the firing of a national salute. As the day advanced, 
it grew warmer, and at high noon the heat was rather 
uncomfortable, especially to those who participated 
m the procession. Aside from this, the day was all 
that could be desired, and the programme prepared 
by the commitee appointed by the City Council was 
carried out with great success. 

THE CITY PEOCESSION. 

Soon after nine o'clock, the various organizations 
began to assem])le and to take the positions assigned 
to them by the Chief Marshal, Colonel "Walter Ev- 
erett. They all repoited with commendable prompt- 
ness, and a very few minutes after ten o'clock the 
procession was started in the following order: — 



FIRST DIVISION. 

Detachment of Police, under command of Captain Little. 

Edmands' IJand. 

Military Escort, under command of Senior-Captain S. R. Marple — 

W. H. Doyle, Acting Adjutant. 
Charlestown City Guard, Co. H, Fifth Regiment, Lieut. George H. 

Monroe — 30 men. 
Jackson Guards, Company G,Ninth Regiment, Capt. T. J Harrington — 

40 men. 
Charlestown Artillery, Co. D, Fifth Regiment, Capt. F. B. Bogan — 

33 men. 

High School Battalion, Major F. J. Pope — Adjutant O. Smith. First 

Company, Capt. E. C. Merritt — 40 men. Second Company, 

Capt. G. F. O'Meara — 30 men. 

Chelsea Brass Band. 

Prescott Light Guards, Capt. AVm. H. Roberts — 125 men. 



SECOND DIVISION. 

Chief Marshal — Walter Everett. 
Chief of Staff— Capt. Ezra J. Trull. 

AIDS. 

Major T. E. Ames, Major J. Homer Edgerly, 

Capt. O. H. P. Smith, Col. Solomon Hovey, 

Capt. S. A. Dalton, Lieut. John T. Bolton, 

Dr. E. J. Forster, Dr. Geo. W. Herrick, 

R. H. Parker, Esq., T. T. Sawyer, jr., Esq., 

P. O'Riordan, Esq., Edwin Tufts, Esq., 

J. H. Caldwell, Esq., Charles Curtis, Esq., 

John Burchmore, Esq., E. A. Williston, Esq. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 

Department Commander, Col. II. R. Sibley, Conunanding Grand Army 
of the Repul)lic, with the Ibllowing stall': 

R. B. Pierce, of Al)iugton, Assistant-Adjutant-General. 
Charles O. AVelch, of Cambridge, Inspector. 



AIDS. 

George U. Kelso, of Cliarlostowii. 
Charles B. Fox, of Boston. 
S. W. Wheeler, of Chelsea. 
S. C. WaTriuer, of Springfield. 
Charles H. Chase, of Salem. 
C. G. Attwood, of Boston. 
J. G. B. Adams, of Lynn. 
Geo. H. Howard, of CamlH-idge. 

Lynn Brass Band. 



G. A. R., FIRST DIVISION. 

Commanded by Department Junior Vice-Commander Gardner A. 
Churchill, with the following staft': 

Gen. J. H. Barnes, Chief of Staflf. 
Capt. S. M. Weale, A. A. G. 
Lieut. Lemuel Pope, U. S. N"., Aid. 
Comrade T. M. Wade, U. S. N., Aid. 

Gen. Lander Post No. 5, of Lynn, George F. Ames, Commander — 

175 men. 
John A. Andrew Post No. 15, of Boston, William S. Frost, Acting 

Commander — 45 men. 
Joseph Hooker Post No. 23, of East Boston, Edw. Pearl, Commander — 

50 men. 
William H. Smart Post No. 30, of Cambridgeport, George S. Evans, 

Commander — 125 men. 
Washington Post No. 32, of South Boston, K. W. Kane, Commander — 

GO men. 

I. Burbank Post No. 33, of Wobnrn — 30 men. 

American Brass Band, Boston. 

Phil. II. Sheridan Post No. 34, of Salem, G A. Andrews, Commander — 

210 men. 



G. A R., SECOND DIVISION. 

Commanded i>.v Capt. (Jporgc H. Long, with tl>e following staff: 

Deijartment JNlustering Officer, Geo. T. Cliilds. 
Dr. Wm. L. Bond. Dr. J. G. Dearborn. 

Cai^t. G. F. Green. Col. Moses B. Lakeman, of Maiden. 

Capt.D. W. Lee, of Chelsea. Capt. Wm Spalding. 
Capt. C. Campbell, of Chelsea. Comrade J. M. Kirkland. 
Johnston's Brass Band. 
Tlieodore Winthrop Post No. 35, of Chelsea, W. IL Wilson, Comman- 
der — 50 men. 
Charles Beck Post No. 5G, of Old Cambridge, George H. Prior, Com- 
mander — 40 men. 
P. S. Uavis Post No. 57, of East Cambridge. C. A. Austin, Comman- 
der — 60 men. 
BenJ. Stone, jr. Post No. G8, of Dorchester, Wm. C. Clark, Acting 
Commander — 60 men. 
Clark's Drum Corps. 
Robert A. Bell Post No. 134, of Boston, E G. Biddle, Commander — 

35 men. 

Montgomery Drum Corps. 

Wm. Washlnirn, jr. Post No. 138, of Boston, "Wm. Washl)urn, jr., 

Commander — 56 men. 

Somerville Brass Band. 

Willard C. Kingsley Post 139, of Somerville, II. E. Hill, Commander — 

100 men. 

O'Connor's Brass Band. 

Abraham Lincoln Post 11, of Charlestown, A. J. Bailey, Commander — 

175 men. 

Ills Honor Mayor Kent, Martin Miimore, Kcv. Addison Parker, and 

Mr. J. II. Hill, President of the Common Council. 

Chairman of th(; Committee of Arrangements. 

Committee of ArrangenKints and of Soldiers' INIonnment. 

Board of Aldermen and City Clerk. 

]Meml)ers of the Common Council. 

Other membi;rs of the City Government. 

Ex-^NIayors and ex-Members of the City (lovernment. 

Chief Enginec-r Delano. 

Assistant Engineers ]5arllett. Boor, Loner, and Clark. 

Mystic Band of ^ledford. 




feitg of Sl^arkstaton* 




i. .1 'r^sX 1 1. 



3718 AilVEBiiMy II THE Bimi OF BilER IIU. 



DEDICATION OF THE 



,0'/- 






^^di .(\y^ 



ni 



mm% 



m 



s-v-^ 



IN WINTHROP SQUARE, 



M#atf»r^ Jim® Ifito^ I.8T& 



GEORGE B. NEAL. JOSEPH SOUTHER,' J- W. HILL, 
JOSEPH DICKSON, F. E. DOWNER. 





)ti3itt of feurists*. 



MUSIC BY EDMANJJS' BAND. 



r BAYER BY BEV, ADDISON FABKEB. 



ODE 

CumpoiMl for the uccaUon lyrA. E,. CiUtibr, Esq., a,Tid sphb by:a select CItoir of the l)tll.i^^ of 
tbe I'ublic Schools, under the dircrtion of Mi. J. M. Jlason. 

O nation icrejit: thy ]>eril camt- 

Js'ot from an outward fiK': 
But by an inwanl ritttklinj; wmng, 

Tliat tlarod {l\.v oNtTflirow. 

Hark I shot tlics lii^isinu: at the Hag', 

Aimed hy red tn-ason's hand: 
Comtfs brave resjionpi*' from Siunpter's j;uuj. 

And war is in t}i« 1a»id. 

Trailed in the dnst that ri-.ig otict- loved. 

With traitor's j;ilH? and fling: 
Meanwhile o'er loyal Innnes it. floats. 

(>ut-hlospM>nnn<; the Sprinir. 

Then come the tninip of arme<I meu — 

The laiini'h itf gi'll^xit Heets— 
The \arylng Iwittle-shnck.-! of war — 

Advance's and retreats. 

God'.< yuiding hand at leiiiith is seen 

Through tlip deep tliickeuiug; gloym: 
While bi-okeii chains!, anil shaekles loosed. 

Proclaim rf.l>eliion's doom. 

The nmrvow c.nme.-* that lirinus sweet peat«-: 

The riai; coinits no star lost — 
But. (►! the tears, the panys, the deuths, 

C>f Sl:i\ery'j« holocaust ! 

U nation ijreat' n)ade jLiivater yet. 

V>\ wrostlin;i' with thy wron;:; 
Thy destiny i^ Freedom's hope; — 

Thy homes" deeds )iej- sony. 



a EM AUKS BY HIS HOJS'OIt MAT OR KEXT, OX 

DELIVEIIING THE MOXUMEXT TO THE 

CITY GOTEUXMEXT A XI) THE 

eiTIZEXS. 



I XVEJLJXG THE MOXl MEXT, 



JUrSIC JiV THE HAXD. 



ADHliESS BY HOX. lilCHAItl) FliOTHlXGHAM. 



KELLER'S AMERICAN HYMN. 

JSpeed our rej)ublic, U Father uii high, 
Lt'iid us ill pathways of justice aud right; 
Kuleri as well a.s the iiileil, "One aud all," 
Girdle with virtue the :u-nior of might; 
Hail! three tiine.< Viail to our country aud riajj! 

Foremost in battle for Freitiloin t<> stand. 
We rush to aruis when aroused by its call; 
JStill as of yore, when George ^^'ashiugtou led, 
TliUtiders our war-cry— We tuiiyuer or fall; 
Hail! three times hail to our country and llag! 

Faithful and honest to friend aud to foe. 

Willing to die in humanity's cause — 

Thus we defy all tyrannical pow'r, 

While we contend for our Union aud laws; 

Hail I three tiuies hail to our country aud llag! 

Kise up, proiul eagle, rise uji to the clouds, 
sjpread thy broad wings o'er this fair western world. 
Fling fj'om tliy beak our dear banner of old — 
Show that it still is for freedom unfurled; 
Haill thn-t' tijues hail to our eoutilry and flag I 





XATTOXAL 


AIRS BY THE 


BA \D. 






;l|>VKKTiaRK rKESS. 





7 

irancock Hose Co. No. 1, 3o men. Foreman, Allan Stone. 
Bunker Ilill Hose Co. No. 2, 2o men. Foreman, W. Wyman. 
Howard Steamer Co. No. 1, 30 men. Foreman, Tieorge Titus. 
Bay State Band of Lynn. 
Massaclnisetts Hook and Ladder Co. No. 1, 30 men. Foreman, JNlyers. 
Washington Hose Co. No. 3, 20 men. Forem.an, John Donovan. 
Mcdford Cornet Band. 
Franklin Hose Co. No. 4, 20 men. Foreman, Almeader. 
N. P. Banks Army and Navy Veteran Union, No. 1, Brigadier-Gen- 
eral W. W. Bullock commanding — 125 men. 
Brainard's Band. 
Bunker Hill Encampment No. 5, 1. O. O. F., John P. Loring, Marshal — 

75 men. 

The procession moved over the following route : 
Through C, ity Square, Harvard, Washington, Union, 
Main, Sullivan Square, Bunker Hill, Elm, High, 
Monument Square, Mt. Yernon, Chelsea, Chestnut, 
Adams, Common, Winthrop, Warren, Monument 
Avenue, High, Winthrop to Winthroj) Square, where 
it was dismissed. 

DEGOKATIONS. 

All along the route of the procession the national 
colors were displayed in every conceivable shape. 
City Square presented a handsome appearance from 
the decorations on every side. The enclosure was 
surrounded with flagstaffs from which floated the 
colors of the European nations, with the Stars and 
Stripes at frequent intervals. The City Hall was 
tastily trimmed with flags, bunting, and streamers, 
and over the main entrance was an ornamental arch 
with the inscription " Battle of Bunker Hill," in let- 
ters of gold, and on either side the date " 1775." 



8 



J-ines of flags ,vere stretched across the ,rff 
e-Uranees to the square The AT '"■'"' 

;^"il.lin, was neat,, LLI'^^Z'^JT' 

^;e p-or.e.ess i„d t:;;.,!^:, r rr^tSr 

Streamers radiated across the entire fro t ojT' 
bmUhng interspersed with festooning , 1'" 
«J^. and stretched across the street las ::',,:::; 

winthrop iqnarc i^^i::,^'^:^'^:"^'' 

was dismissed, and the members of tht'c,^ d T"''' 
-tered tl>e sqnare and took se^ts w iclld h'"'' 
i-eserved for them nnder . i„ "^ ^''''" 

'arge tent cove^ Ihl ,7" ™"''^""- ^"°''-'- 
■speakers, sin Jr!" e Cit " ""'"^'^ ^°'- «- 

g-nests, both'^arr .'Id s^ 'r;"''™*^"' -"^ ''"-ted 
Monument Th " ^'"='= ^'^^^ Soldiers' 

-•s-onst:r2^:-^^^^^^^^^ 

even ,f not able to hear the addressed. '"'' 

CEDICATIOxV OF THE SOLDIERS' 

MONUMENT 

''■'•.-o order,\.fr. iir'^t;'^ -^r- 

tlH. divine blessina-. '"' '"^°'^'«d 



9 

The following ode, composed by Abram E. Cutter, 
of this city, was then sung- by a choir of school 
children. 

O uation great! thy pevil came 

Not from ail outward foe; 
But b}- an inward rankling wrong, 

That dared thy overthrow. 

Hark ! shot flies hissing at the flag, 

Aimed by red treason's hand : 
Comes brave response from Sumpter's guns. 

And w^ar is in tlie land. 

Trailed in the dust that flag once loved, 

With traitor's gibe and fling; 
Meanwhile o'er loyal homes it floats. 

Out-blossoming the spring. 

Then come the tramp of armed men — 

The launch of gallant fleets, 
The varying battle-shocks of war — 

Advances and retreats. 

God's guiding hand at length is seen 

Through the deep thickening gloom; 
While broken chains, and shackles loosed, 

Proclaim rebellion's doom. 

The morrow comes that brings sweet peace; 

The flag counts no star lost — 
But, oh! the tears, the pangs, the deaths, 

Of Slavery's holocaust! 

O nation great! made greater yet. 

By wrestling with thy wrong; 
Thy destiny is Freedom's hope; — 

Thy heroes' deeds her song. 
2 



PRESENTATION ADDRESS, 

BY HIS HONOR, 

y^M^. H. KENT, Mayor. 



Gentlemen of the City Council: 

Soon after the close of the war in iK^i^ij, the snb- 
jeet of erecting- a monument in honor of the men of 
Charlestown who participated in it began to be dis- 
cnssed. It was a theme of much interest in the 
government, and also among the people; and at least 
one public meeting w^as held in the old City Hall, at 
which varions designs were submitted, and the pro- 
priety of initiating the work was freely discussed. 
N^o definite action was taken, however, until late in 
the year 18G9, when the City Council appropriated 
the sum of $20,000 for the erection of a monument, 
and authorized the appointment of a board of com- 
missioners to make the necessary contracts therefor, 
locate the same, and supervise all details in I'clation 
to it. The commissioners promptly commenced the 
duties of the trust confided to them, and, after a full 
consideration of many designs and plans for a mon- 
lunent submitted to them, and having given careful 
attention to the material of which it should be com- 
posed, the board of 1870 concluded to contract with 



11 

Martin Milmore, of Boston, for the erection of a 
granite structure in conformity with plans and de- 
signs prepared by hiui. The board of commissioners, 
as provided for by the government, has consisted of 
five citizens, the Mayor and one Alderman, the 
President of the Common Council and two members 
thereof, — thus making the board consist of ten. The 
members from the citizens are Hon. Richard Froth- 
ingham, Hon. Francis Childs, Franklin A. Hall, Wm. 
L. Bond, and William Spalding, the last-named gen- 
tleman having been elected to fill the vacancy caused 
by the resignation of George H. Long, tendered on 
account of his removal from the city. The five 
members from the government have varied, of 
course, as the different governments have changed, 
and the following gentlemen have served upon the 
commission : — 

Mayors. — Eugene L. Xorton and Wra. H. Kent. 

Fresidents of the Common Council. — Andrew J. Bailey, James Adams, 
jr., John B. Norton, Joseph W. Hill. 

Aldermen. — William B. Long, Horatio Wellington, George B. Neal. 

Coimcilmen. — Henry R. Sibley, Hartwell Mayers, Geo. R. Kelso, 
Geo. T. Childs, Wm. F. Bibrim. 

I think it may be truly said, that every member of 
the board, from the beginning, has shown a deep in- 
terest in the matter, and a Avillingness to give all 
necessary time and attention to it. By the terms of 
contract with Mr. Milmore, the entire monument 
was to be completed by the 10th day of June, 1872. 
The work was in fact substantially completed a month 
earlier than this limit, as the last figure was placed 
on the pedestal on the ninth day of May. The cor- 



12 

ner-stone of the structure was laid quite informally 
in the presence of the commissioners, at 5 o'clock, 
p. M., on Tuesday, April 9, 1672. In a cavity of this 
stone is placed a copper box, hermetically sealed, and 
contaiuing the following articles : — 

Mniiicipal Register of 1870 ; bound copy of City Documents of 
1871 ; ]\]ayor's Inanguml Address of 187:'^ ; Charlestowu Directory 
of 1872 ; Frotliingham's History of Charlestowu ; CUarlestown 
Clironicle and Advertiser of April 6, 1872 ; Boston Daily Adver- 
tiser, Journal, and Herald of April 9, 1872 ; parchment engrossed 
•with the action of the City Council in reference to the monument ; 
names of the board of commissioners thereon for 1869, '70, '71, 
and '72 ; names of the City Council for 1871-72 ; names of the 
sculptor, contractors, and engineers of the work ; parchment fur- 
nished by Post No. 11 of the Grand Army of the Republic, en- 
grossed with the names of the officers and members of the Post 
from its commencement, and one of the metallic badges of its 
organization ; set of tools for stone-working furnished b}^ Messrs. 
J. F. & F. L. Gilman. 

The granite of which the whole structure is com- 
posed is from the Hallowell quarries, in the State of 
Maine, and was furnished by Mr. J. R. Bod well. The 
underground foundation is the work of Robert R. 
Wiley, and the pedestal that of J. F. & F. L. Gil- 
man, all of this city. The consulting and supervis- 
ing; enjifineer of the whole was Mr. Samuel J. F. 
Thayer, of Boston. 

And now, gentlemen, the commissioners are here 
to-day in the performance of the last official act per- 
taining to the trust you confided to them, — that of 
formally delivering to you the linished work. In do- 
ing this, they cannot withhold a propei- word of ap- 



13 

preciation of the genius which conceived, and the 
skill and patience which for so many months has 
been exercised under the almost imperceptible oper- 
ation of the chisel and mallet, in bringing the design 
at last into a characteristic and elegant completeness. 
Let the monument be unveiled. 

The monument was, at the word, immediately divested of its 
drapery of flags by an ingenious arrangement previously prepared. 
Its appearance was hailed with prolonged cheeriug by the multi- 
tude, and by national airs from the band. After which His Honor 
resumed his remarks as follows : — 

Fellow Citizens: The duties of the commission 
being ended, — this structure having been delivered 
to the government, — it has in fact been delivered to 
you; for the government is but the representative of 
the people. To you it now belongs, with all the 
interesting associations connected with it. Like the 
books that have been written, the orations that have 
been spoken, the poems that have been composed, 
the memorial halls that have been erected, this mon- 
ument now takes its place as a part of the history of 
the great events that called them all forth. As a 
work of art, as an object of beauty, it may well 
challenge admiration. But it has a more immediate, 
and higher and nobler purpose. The simple inscrip- 
tion upon its face tells us and all who come after us 
what that purpose is. I have no call to discuss the 
question sometimes raised as to the expediency of 
these testimonials. I may in yoiu- name truly declare 
to the world, that we erect and dedicate it in no 
spirit of sectional pride oi' vain gloiy, but as a 



14 

merited tribute to those of .our sous who took up the 
sword, inspired by just and patriotic motives, and 
faith in a just and patriotic cause. Some of them — 
many of them, thank God! — are here to-day, testi- 
fying, by their presence, their interest in this service 
and their appreciation of this tribute to them. Many 
are sleeping their hist sleep, and their eyes can never 
behold it. But whether living or dead, — here to- 
day to unite with us, sleeping in unknown graves 
in far Southern climes, resting in the blue depths 
of the ocean, upon whose bosom they bravely fought 
their last battle, — one and all, on this day of all days 
to us, glory and honor to them! to-day's service is 
their memorial service, and this is their monument! 
jSTear by rises the tall shaft that tells of the patriotic 
struggles and sufferings of the Fathers. Here, al- 
most within its shadow, stands the less pretentious 
structure in honor of the patriotism of their descend- 
ants. This is the natural sequence of that. Side by 
side let them stand in all coming time, perpetual 
reminders of those who fought to achieve and those 
who fought to preserve Constitutional Liberty. 

At the conclusion of the Maj'or's Address, Hon. Richard Froth- 
iiighani, tlie orator of the day, was introduced. 



-ADDRESS 

OF ' 

HON. RICHARD FROTHINGHAM. 



Mr. May(>r axd Fellow-Citizens: 

The multitude who have left their avocations, and 
are giving themselves up to the recollections of the 
past, show that time is dealing with this anniversary 
in its character not merely as a preserver, but a 
magnifier. In this, it keeps in memory an event of 
no local class, of no ordinary importance. The band 
of citizen soldiers whose deeds on this soil give the 
day its significance, were, it is true, New-England 
men; but the New-England colonies were in the re- 
lation of union v/ith the other colonies. This union 
was a growth, a development. It was written as by 
the finger of God in the American heart. This was 
a country. The deeds done here on our soil were 
done in behalf of the country; all are entitled to 
share the glory of them, and it is gratifying to see 
the disposition in other communities to observe this 
day as a national holiday. We are glad to see civic 
and military processions coming here from year to 
year, sometimes from distant States, to join us in the 
celebration. We are glad to see so many fine repre- 
sentations from other places here to-day. Welcome, 



16 

one aiul all, to the kindling associations of this Mar- 
athon of a common country. (Applause.) 

How beautiful the spectacle on this lovely day of 
June, here and now. This happy population throng- 
ing the streets, free in the enjoyment of every munic- 
ipal right; that beautiful procession in which were 
embodied the civic and the charitable activities of a 
community alive to the duty of providing for culture 
and for humanity, and that noble representation of- 
the citizen soldiery, a type of the vast physical 
power that can come forth at the call of the law, 
and rally to sustain all that is dear and sacred in the 
republic. And all here is peaceful. All the sounds 
that we hear, and all the emblems that we see, are of 
peace, and such peace all over the nation, with ten 
thousand such happy municipalities, with a territory 
bounded by two oceans, and with no stain of human 
bondage remaining ! (Applause.) Praises be to 
God ! Peace is in our Jerusalem, and prosperity is 
in her palaces! Well may there be a jubilee of 
peace. Peace is our policy with all the earth. 
We ask as a nation nothing but what is right, while 
at the same time, with the vast physical power at 
our command, we submit to nothing that is wrong. 
(Loud apjolause.) 

IN^inety-seven years ago, nature presented here the 
same lovely aspect. Verdure was on our hills; pro- 
pitious skies bent over them; the noonday sun spar- 
kled on the same waters that now lave their base; 
but all else how changed! At this hour of the day, 
the connnunity which then and there gathered were 



17 

on honse-tops and steeples and hill-tops, and their 
hearts were wi'iing in very anguish at what might be 
the fate of kindred and friends who were about to 
engage in mortal combat. The only procession that 
was seen in our streets then was the few remaininir 
inhabitants that were Hying from the town and from 
the honses that were riddled by the balls of the 
enemy. There, on that green, stood the calm and 
determined band of Prescott and his companions; 
Joseph Warren was soon by his side. A little 
farther off was the gallant Knowlton, beginning 
the frail rail-fence breastworks. And then fol- 
lowed that scene of war, that baptism of fire and 
of blood, which has made tlie day memorable. Then 
were performed those deeds that will be remembered 
so lono' as valor and virtue shall be esteemed among: 
mankind. In honor of such men stands that majes- 
tic shaft, — " silent like the grave, and yet melodious 
like the song of immortality from the lips of cher- 
nbim." 

Here, nnder the shadow of that nol^le monument, 
as a fit offering to the day, we gather to dedicate 
another monument. The simple ceremonial of the 
unveiling, — the fervent supplication to Almighty 
God — the inspiring strains of the band — the sweet 
chorus of youthful voices — the response of this 
great assembly, — have done the real work of the 
occasion, by giving expression to the deep and all- 
pervading patriotic sentiment that is in the heart of 
the community. It only remains to connect this 
memorial in honor of the deeds of this generation 

3 



18 

with that erected in honor of the founders of the 
rej3ubUc. 

As time rolls on, the American Revolution and its 
consequences are more and more studied by the 
school of liberal ideas the world over. Its thinkers 
pronounced it the greatest event in the history of 
mankind, and because it produced a result never 
before seen in history, that promises to be a lasting 
benefit to humanity. What was this result V What 
was this contribution ? It was not the discovery of 
any new force or any new principle. The more 
closely the development of American society is 
studied in the colonial age, the more clearly Avill it 
appear that the innei* spring of its progress was the 
Christian idea of man, — his native dignity, his erpuil- 
ity, — and when institutions growing out of this 
idea had to l)e defended in the field, America rang 
with the grand thought, that its cause w^as the 
cause of human nature. "We claim brotherhood," 
says that remarkable pamphlet ''"' Common Sense," 
"^with every European Christian, and rejoice in 
the generosity of the sentiment;" and to-day, all 
there is good and great and hopeful in modern 
civillization and progress has its roots in Chris- 
tianity. But Christianity was a divine gift to man, 
ages before the discovery of America. ]N^or did 
this originality consist in presenting the maxim 
that the people are the source of power, that govern- 
ment rests on their consent: or that representation 
and taxation must go together: or those grand ideas 
embodied as the soul of the nation in the Declaration 



19 

of Independence. These had all been proclaimed be- 
fore — away back in the 10th and 15th centuries, in 
the States-General of France, in the Parliament of 
England, and, to say nothing more, embodied in the 
grand writings of Milton and Locke and Sidney. 

Once more: as the learned look upon us, they 
think it nothing singular that these colonies should 
have formed the Union which they thought so mar- 
vellous. There had been Unions from the earliest 
ages; there had been successful struggles to throw 
off arbitrar}' power, — and so they saw nothing 
original or peculiar in this. The result pronounced 
original and wonderful was the triumph of peace. 
In the ten years that led to the Kevolutionary War, 
there had been kept before the public mind the idea 
of forming an American Constitution, an American 
Commonwealth; and when the demand for indepen- 
dence, or a nation, became definite, there also were 
convictions of the necessity of forming a republi- 
can government. So that these great ideas were cor- 
relative in their growth. At length, when the war 
was over, there was ordained and established by the 
people a constitution for the United States, to en- 
sure domestic tranquillity and secure the blessings of 
liberty. It was done in each State by its sovereignty. 
As the same sovereign power in each State had es- 
tablished local governments in the State, it estab- 
lished a government for these States in union, or the 
political unit of the United States, in order to meet 
their wants as one people and one country. Their 
creative acts, local and general, were not divisions 



20 

of sovereignty, but tlie simple exercise of sovereign 
power, limiting the people themselves, as well as 
their agents, in the discharge of political duties. 
Their result, the constitutions, were not ends, but 
means of preserving the public life and promoting 
the public good, and as such were sacredly obliga- 
tory on all. But they were valuable only as they 
contributed to this object, and when they proved in- 
adequate to embody the living spirit, the people who 
created them in the same way could alter them. 
The sovereignty, though quiescent, remained intact, 
ready to exercise its poAver again when the progress 
of society should require changes in the organic law. 
This American production, this great republican 
government, was the original contribution of the 
American Kevolution to mankind. 

In the hands of the American race. — that which 
nsed to be called such before the Kevolution, consist- 
ing of people from different lands, who came hei'e to 
this asylum of liberty and constituted a new race, 
with new ideas, new aspirations, new hopes, a new 
public life, — how grandly did our republic take its 
place in the family of the nations! How population 
increased! How States multiplied! How enter- 
prises sprung up all over the land! How civil- 
ization shot on toAvards the Pacific coast! The 
dream of j^athaniel Ames, the father of the re- 
nowned Fisher Ames, was more than realized. He 
was a maker of almanacs, and in the year 1758, 
he wrote two or three pages about the condition 
and prospects of America. He saw the great path 



21 

of progress, like the sun, from the east to the west, 
to these shores; and he saw the path of the gospel, 
hke the sun, from the east to the west; and so he 
goes on to picture what will be when the immense 
resources of this country, to the Pacific Ocean, shall 
be developed. How some of the stones shall be 
quarried and made into monuments to commemorate 
those who were then endeavoring to save their coun- 
try, — Washington was then on the stage, — and 
how others should be fashioued into forms of beauty 
and art. And after depicting the results of this 
progress, he says: "Oh, ye unborn inhabitants of 
America, when your eyes shall behold the sun after 
he has rolled the seasons round for two or three cen- 
turies more, you will know that in 1758, we dreamed 
of your times." 

The adaptation of the republican government to 
the wants of the people excited the admiration of 
the liberal world. Perhaps of all the great men 
abroad who have measui-ed us, and who are capa- 
ble of appreciating us, none have been better quali- 
fied to pronounce a judgment on the relative value 
of governments than the late Lord Brougham. In 
an elaborate work published in eighteen hundred 
and fifty-three, he reviews all the governments which 
have been established since the world began, and 
dwells particularly on the government of the United 
States. He especially examines the method adopted 
to keep the local and national legislatures within the 
spheres of the powers allotted to them, and into the 
authority conferred on the local supreme courts, and 
on that august tribunal of the nation, — the Supreme 



00, 



Court of the United States, — to declare acts violative 
of the organic law to be void; and he pronounces the 
"means devised the very greatest refinement of social 
j)robity to which any state of circamstances has given 
rise, or to which any age has given birth." 

These means proved adequate to meet the exigen- 
cies of every case of peace and war for seventy years, 
however violent might have been the party fury. 
"When, early in this century, the crj^ of disunion was 
raised at the iSTorth, the word went through the press 
and from public meetings, that only the power 
that made the constitution could alter it; that it 
must stand unchanged until the voice of three fourths 
of the States should pronounce in favor of a change. 
When disunion appeared in the South, in the ad- 
ministration of President Jackson, he pronounced 
in his proclamation " disunion by armed force to be 
treason'-; and he called on the people to maintain the 
Union. In responding to this call, Daniel Webster, 
in Faneuil Hall, uttered Avords that deserve to be 
treasured in every American heart: "When the 
standard of the Union is raised, and waves o'er my 
head, — the standard which Washington planted on 
the I'am parts of the constitution, — God foi'bid that 
I should inquire whom the people have commissioned 
to bear it up. I cuily ask in what manner I can best 
dischai'ge my duty in defending it." (Applause.) 

Agitations to dissolve the Union were kept up for 
thirty years. At length, in April, 1801, a combiua- 
tion for this purpose culminated in the act of war in 
the bombardinent ol'Fort Suuipter. The intelligence 



23 

stirred the nation like an electric shock. Then arose 
the issue : Whether the great repiibUcan govern- 
ment, estnblished by the toil and blood and hibor of 
the men of the Revohition, should stand or fall. 

President Lincoln, who will be revered through all 
time as the martyr president, true to his duty, issued 
his proclamation calling for seventy-five thousand of 
the militia of the several States, ■'' to maintaiu the 
honor, the integrity, and the existence of our national 
Union, and the perpetuity of popular government." 
The uprising among twenty-two millions of the pop- 
ulation to meet the call of the law was a revelation 
of the strength of the historic force born of the Rev- 
olution, of which some Americans, even, had no con- 
ception. 

A requisition for troops, pursuant to this call of 
the president, came to this community through our 
great-hearted governor, John A, Andrew, of blessed 
memory. (Ilearty applause.) The thrill in this 
community when the fifth regiment, including the 
two military companies of this city, — the Charles- 
town Artillery and the City Guards, — was ordered 
to the field, can never be forgotten. Their rolls bore 
the names of young men who w^ere the pride of our 
city. They, not long before, had promptly obeyed a 
summons from the local authorities to suppress a 
mob, and in the spirit of patriotic duty, they as 
promptly answered the call to defend their country. 
"I," said one, "don't want to kill anybody; I don't 
want anybody to kill me; but I want to serve my 
country." Another, foreign born, said, with tears in 



24 

liis eyes, " T liope this country is not to be broken 
up; it is the only country in which the poor man has 
his rif^hts." (Applause.) This was the spirit in 
which the young men of these two companies en- 
listed in the service of the United States. 

They were pioneers of other companies, composed 
of young men of like patriotic impulses, of like aims, 
which, during the four years, that seemed four ages 
in their passage, answered similar calls. Besides 
these, as recruits were demanded, there were enlist- 
ments in the navy as well as the army; so that 
Charlestovvn furnished 4,307 men for the war, which 
was a surplus of 111 over all demands. One hun- 
dred and twenty of these were commissioned offi- 
cers. The amount expended by the city during the 
war was $168,654. The amount paid for aid to sol- 
diers' fixmilies, which was returned by the Common- 
wealth, was 1175,771. 

By ftir the greater number of the four thousand 
who went from this place were born here, or were 
identified with our interests. They were solid young 
men, whose precious lives were dear to us all. They 
stood on many a battle-field under the renowned 
commanders. They were in the opening scene, under 
the veteran of two wars, General Scott; they were 
in the conflicts from the land of the Potomac to the 
valley of the Mississippi; they were under General 
Grant at the final surrender. They were in worse 
than the thick of the battle. They underwent the 
lingering torments of the brutalities of Southern 
l)risons, and wherever they were, they proved worthy 



25 

to bear the name of Banker Hill. (Loud applause.) 
Their merit was m standing, with their lives in their 
hands, in front, and defending the flag which Wash- 
ington first unfurled; and God he praised that so 
many have returned and are here to-day to join with 
us in this commemoration! 

Some, in the Providence of God, were borne home 
tenderly on their shields. It does not require length 
of days, or many deeds, to win immortality. A single 
act done in the right spirit, at the right time, and for 
a good cause, will secure it. An honored inhabitant, 
whose remains lie in yonder burial hill, had the great 
thought of devoting one half of his estate to found a 
college; and through all time, the name of John Har- 
vard will be dear to the lovers of learning. I hold in 
my hand a roll of names of those who went out fi'om 
this city and laid down their lives in the cause of 
their country, Avho were brought home and buried 
here. I have not time to read them. Others sleep 
in unknown graves; but these are not forgotten when 
their comrades strew flowers on the graves of those 
that are known. The remains of some, during the 
war, were consigned, with every mark of respect, to 
their last resting-place. Such were Henry Todd, 
Benjamin G. Blanchard, George S. Prebble, George 
Devreaux, Philip B. Holmes, Joseph P. Hubbell, 
Ansel P. Kellam, Luther V. Bell, N. C. Golbert, 
James O'Brien. And of those who died of lingering 
disease I cannot forbear to name the successive com- 
manders of the City Guard, John T. Boyd and Caleb 
Drew. These were types of the beauty of our Israel, 



26 

of the varied excellence of character and nobility ot 
natnre, who died that our nation might live. The 
memory of snch is as perennial as the spring, and as 
fragrant as its flowers. 

It is simple justice to this community to say, that 
from the beginning to the close of these acts of solid 
loyalty to the country, it was as one substantial man- 
ifestation of interest. They forgot that in matters 
of politics they were ranged parties; that they wor- 
shipped at difierent altars. They were as one in 
sustaining the government. 

Foremost in patriotism were the daughters of our 
city. The hardest trials to bear were those in the 
homes which the sailor and the soldier went forth to 
defend; and here were heroism and self-sacrifice, as 
the wife, the mother, and the sister encouraged and 
cheered the parting hour, and endured the painful 
suspense of the vacant chair. They entered at once 
iipon the noble work of relief, and were the first in 
the loyal States to enter upon it systematically. They 
did not grow weary in it, and every new call found 
their hands ready for fresh labor. And so they 
cared for the families of the men in the field needing 
assistance, and they sent to the soldier at the front 
substantial comforts, which were so many perpetual 
reminders that loving eyes were following his peril- 
ous marches. This nerved his arm and strengthened 
his heart to meet the merciless storm of iron hail. 

Special occasions elicited an expression of the 
deep feeling that pervaded the whole community 
which can never be forgotten. I select two for 



27 

illustrations. One was the demonstration when the 
two companies — the Artillery and the City Guard 
— departed for the war, when there was an escort 
of four thousand of the inhabitants, Avith General 
Joseph F. Boyd at their head, who had three sons 
in the City Guard. The other was the ovation given 
to the soldiers on their return from the war, when 
welcome, joy, respect, and gratitude were spoken in 
every form which ingenuity could devise, but most 
of all in the warm personal greetings of a patriotic 
community. This was not a transient feeling. It 
was deep. It was abiding. It was fxithfuUy em- 
bodied by the successive city governments in their 
varied action. If any citizen has demurred at the 
appropriations from the city treasury to provide for 
the wants of the soldiers, or to meet the calls of the 
government, it has escaped my observation. 

In testimony of the profound gratitude to the 
soldier and the sailor, we erect this monument. It 
stands in an ancient enclosure, as old as Charlestown, 
set apart by its founders to nurture one of the funda- 
mental institutions of N^ew -England, — the militia. 
It stands in the midst of temples of learning, in 
which the young are trained to the work of serving 
their country; of the altars of religion, where we are 
reminded of our dependence upon Almighty God 
for all we enjoy; and in the midst of our homes, 
where are always the nurseries of true patriotism. It 
is symbolic of the country whicli protects all that 
is sacred. One of the earliest references to such a 
symbol occurs in the newspapers at the period of the 



28 

stamp act. One hears a wail in the forest. It is 
America singing to her children. 

"An heavenly dame, 
Hei" form was all divine ; 
An azure mantle starred with geins 
]j00se from her shoulders hung, — 
A golden harp shone in her hand/' 

Her song then was inspired by the " horrid clank 
of chains." The America of the symbol before ns 
beams with the smile of beneficence and satisfac- 
tion. She holds in her hand the wreath she rejoic- 
ingly is abont to place on the soldier and the sailor. 
They arc at rest now, but they are on the lookout, 
— keen-eyed, eager. They stand foi* the men of 
Blinker Hill, who are ever ready to answer to the 
call of their country. In the presence of the gifted 
artist, Martin Milmoi'c, I need not say more than 
that by the touch of genius he has produced a life- 
like group which plainly tells its story. (Loud 
applause.) 

The monument bears a simple inscription: '^'In 
honor of the men of Charlestown, who in the war of 
1861 fought for the preservation of the Union." At 
the cost of an expenditure of blood and treasure of 
which history has no parallel, there is but one re- 
public, with one constitution and one government 
under it; one country and one flag. The same sov- 
ereign power which ordained and established the 
constitution, has, by an amendment, prohi])ited slav- 
ery forever. Tliis great republican government 
to-day stands stronger than ever, — stronger in the 



29 

afieetioiis of the people, stronger in the respect and 
admiration of the world. The great lesson of to-day 
— the lesson of the awful providence which we have 
seen — is, that whatever changes are to come in our 
government must be made under the law. Whoever, 
under whatever pretext, undertakes to make changes 
outside of the law, is an anarchist, and the only way 
to be true to liberty and true to social order is to 
put him down by physical force. (Applause.) 

This monument is erected to those who have sought 
to preserve the Union. Young men, as you look 
upon that loftier monument, it tells the story of the 
heroism, the self-sacrifice, the treasure, and the blood 
required to establish the Union; and as you look at 
this monument to-day, it will tell you that whenever 
called upon again to rally to the standard of the law, 
a grateful community will bear you in remembrance. 
(Loud applause.) 

The interesting exercises concluded witli the singing of Keller's 
American H3ann, and music b}^ Edmauds' Band. 



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